Understanding Diabetes: Key Facts for American Diabetes Month

November is not only a time for Thanksgiving but also American Diabetes Month, an initiative by the American Diabetes Association to raise awareness about diabetes. Beebe Healthcare is supporting this cause by sharing educational information with Sussex County residents.

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes affects how the body processes blood sugar (glucose), a vital energy source. When blood sugar levels are too high, it can lead to serious health issues. The Prevalence of Diabetes Research shows more than 38 million Americans have diabetes, and 97 million have prediabetes. If left untreated, prediabetes can progress to Type 2 diabetes, prompting the American Diabetes Association to classify the condition as an epidemic.

Types of Diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes: An autoimmune disorder, typically diagnosed in children or young adults, where the body’s immune system attacks the pancreas, preventing it from producing insulin.
Type 2 Diabetes: More common in adults, linked to obesity and lifestyle choices. Insulin is still produced but is either insufficient or not used effectively by the body. Age, ethnicity, and family history increase the risk, and certain ethnic groups (such as African American, Hispanic, Native American, and Asian American populations) are at higher risk.
Prediabetes: A condition where blood sugar is elevated but not high enough for a diabetes diagnosis. Without intervention, it can progress to Type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes Screenings: Why They Matter

Many people with prediabetes or early-stage Type 2 diabetes may not have noticeable symptoms. That’s why screenings are critical for early detection. Regular screenings can help identify high blood sugar levels before they turn into full-blown diabetes. For adults, the American Diabetes Association recommends screenings starting at age 45 or earlier if you have risk factors like obesity, family history, or are part of a higher-risk ethnic group. Pregnant women should also be screened for gestational diabetes during the second trimester.

Treatment Plan for Diabetes

Type 1 Diabetes: Requires daily insulin injections and careful blood sugar management. Regular check-ups with a healthcare team are essential to ensure proper care.
Type 2 Diabetes & Prediabetes: Can often be managed or even reversed by making lifestyle changes. These include eating a healthy diet, increasing physical activity, and losing weight.

Prevention and Reversal

Nutrition: Eat more whole foods like vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and limit processed, sugary, and salty foods.
Exercise: Physical activity improves insulin sensitivity and helps control weight. Aim for a combination of aerobic and strength training exercises.
Stress Management: Prioritize sleep, manage stress, and practice mindfulness. Nutrient deficiencies (such as magnesium or vitamin D) can also affect blood sugar control and metabolism.

Seeking Help

If you're concerned about your risk or need to be screened for diabetes, start by talking to your primary care provider. If necessary, they can refer you to an endocrinologist, a specialist in diabetes management, for further evaluation and treatment.